Prior to the war, there had been no warfare within European borders since Napoleon. In addition, the Romanticist movement brought a wave of optimism as well this nostalgic longing for warfare. The war they got was World War I and its impact sucked the wave of optimism out of everyone. It left countless people in a daze of confusion, total loss, and with just a void that the modern world was just so terrible.
This is where Dadaism comes. Also known as Dada, this art style was a mash up of words and pictures of the time compiled to convey this sense of loss and confusion in response to world events. Dada artists would compile collages with various pictures of notable people of the time, words, and other symbols and juxtapose them in such an attempt to express all these mixed feelings. On the outset, these pieces just look like a mess of things just jumbled up together, but frankly that's how people felt. They couldn't cope with with the way the world was turning was beyond what anyone could expect and the feelings it conjured was beyond what words or classical art forms could adequately express.
Examples of Dada art:
Sources:
Donna M. Kristiansen, “What is Dada?” Educational Theater Journal Vol. 20, no. 3. October, 1968, pg. 457-462
“The Nonsensical Art of Dada |Dadaism|” Little Art Talks, Youtube Video, 5:44. Posted by Little Art Talks, Published December 21, 2014, link; http://youtu.be/ob2e9CNsld4
“Tzara, Tristan (1896-1963)” Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Afe of War & Reconstruction.
Ed. John Merriman & Jay Winter. Vol. 5. Detroit: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2006. 2579 – 2581. World History in Context. Web. November 2, 2015.
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